A public domain video
This newsreel film presents an indictment of the "Papa Doc" Duvalier regime, during which the economy of Haiti went from prosperous to poor.
François Duvalier, also known as Papa Doc, was the President of Haiti from 1957 to 1971.He was elected president in 1957 on a populist and black nationalist platform and thwarted a coup d'état in 1958. His rule, based on a purged military, a rural militia known as the Tonton Macoute, and the use of a pervasive cult of personality, resulted in the murder of 30,000 to 60,000 Haitians and the exile of many more.
Prior to his rule, Duvalier was a physician by profession. His profession and expertise in the field acquired him the nickname "Papa Doc". He was unanimously "re-elected" in a 1961 referendum in which he was the only candidate. Afterwards, he consolidated his power step by step, culminating in 1964 when he became President for Life after another faulty election, and remained in power until he died in 1971. He was succeeded by his son, Jean‑Claude, who was nicknamed "Baby Doc".
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